But after its use for more than one decade, resistant strains of rodents to ARs have emerged. Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) have been used since the 1940s to control rodent populations. One of the most used management methods is the chemical method based on the use of anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs). To deal with these concerns, rodent populations have to be controlled. Many similar cases have been recorded around the world. In China, rodents destroyed the rice stock that would be sufficient to feed 200 millions of people and the estimation of the cost induced by rodents’ damage is about 19 billions of dollars. Finally, rodents are a major nuisance in cities where their proximity to and interactions with human populations and infrastructure can cause impairments and become a hazard for the public health as they are reservoirs of many diseases. Agriculture is also affected by rodents in France, for instance, water voles ( Arvicola terrestris) devastate some lands. These rodent populations are an ecological and an economic issue in the islands where they are not indigenous. Rodents are ubiquitous and opportunistic animals, some such as the brown rats ( Rattus norvegicus) and the black rats ( Rattus rattus) are present at all continents except Antarctic. The management of rodents around the world is a great concern, in many aspects.
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